LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT

Levels of Management

In an organization, the level of managers grouped into top managers, mid-level managers (midle manager), and first-line managers (operational) is usually described by the form of a pyramid, which a larger number of employees at the bottom than at the peak.

1. Top Management

Top management (top management), also known as executive officer, in charge of planning activities and general corporate strategy and direct the course of the company. Examples of top management is the CEO (Chief Executive Officer), CIO (Chief Information Officer) and CFO (Chief Financial Officer).

Example of policy in this managerial level:

• To improve the quality of a hotel, general manager instructed to each department head to do or give the best service in the job.

2. Middle Management

Middle management (middle management) include all the management wich beetwen the first-line managers and top management and served as a link between the two.Which is a mid-level managers include: head of department, project leader, plant manager, ordivision manager.

Example of policy in this managerial level:

• To keep the kitchen cost not to soar high, The Executif Chef makes the new design of menus that require a little cost in processing, but it's still good in taste.

     3. First-line Management
             First-line management also known as operational management, in the lowest level of management in
     charge of redirecting and overseeing non-managerial employees involved in the production proses. They
     are often called supervisor, shift manager, area manager, office manager, department manager or foreman. 
     Example of policy in this managerial level:

• Supervisor in the stewards department giving freedom to the steward to request days off on a particular day. So the other stewards could replace him when he was off.

However, not all organizations can complete its work by using this traditional pyramid shape. For example in the organization wich more flexible and simple, with the work performed by a team of employees who are always changing, moving from one project to another according to demand jobs.